Diagnostic accuracy of the video otoscope in tympanic membrane perforation

Abstract Objective The video otoscope has already proven to be useful for the diagnosis of several pathologies, so the objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the video otoscope in cases of tympanic membrane perforation. Methods This is a diagnostic accuracy study performed at the hearing health division of a tertiary-level referral hospital. Patients older than 8 years of age who had any symptom that could be related to perforation (otalgia, otorrhea, tinnitus, and/or hypoacusis) were invited to participate in the study. Participants were evaluated by three different diagnostic methods (otomicroscope, conventional otoscope, and video otoscope) performed by three different evaluators in a blind fashion. The microscope was considered the reference standard. Results 176 patients were evaluated, totaling 352 tympanic membranes. Twenty-seven tympanic membrane perforations were diagnosed by the microscope, a prevalence of 7.7%. The video otoscope showed a sensitivity of 85.2% (95% CI 81.5%‒88.9%), specificity of 98.1% (95% CI 96.7%‒99.5%) and accuracy of 97.1% (95% CI 95.4 %-98.8 %). The conventional otoscope showed a sensitivity of 96.3% (95% CI 94.3-98.3), specificity of 98.8% (95% CI 97.7-99.9) and accuracy of 98.6% (95% CI 97.4-99.8). The Kappa value between the microscope and the video otoscope was 0.8 and between the microscope and the conventional otoscope was 0.9. Regarding the participants' perception, 53.4% (p < 0.001) considered the video otoscope as the best method for understanding the tympanic membrane condition presented by them. Conclusions The video otoscope showed relevant sensitivity and specificity for clinical practice in the diagnosis of tympanic membrane perforation. Moreover, this is an equipment that can facilitate the patient's understanding of the otologic pathology presented by him/her. In this regard, this method may be important for better patient compliance, requiring further studies to evaluate this hypothesis. Level of evidence Is this diagnostic or monitoring test accurate? (Diagnosis)—Level 2 (Individual cross-sectional studies with consistently applied reference standard and blinding).

Análise da regulação médica em unidades pré-hospitalares fixas de um município paulista / Analysis of medical regulation of the Emergency Department in a city in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o perfil das regulações das unidades pré-hospitalares fixas de um município paulista. Metodologia: Estudo observacional descritivo retrospectivo, cuja amostra compreendeu os dados dos indivíduos regulados das unidades durante o ano de 2019. Ao final da coleta dos dados, foi realizada uma análise estatística descritiva. Resultados Foram encontrados dados válidos de 9.984 referenciamentos. A média de tempo de liberação da vaga foi de 26,6 horas (± 35,8). Dentre todos os pacientes regulados, 1.592 (15,9%) não concluíram seus destinos, tendo como desfechos: alta (9,3%), óbito (2,3%), evasão (2,8%) ou encerramento de ficha (1,5%). O tempo médio de permanência na unidade dos pacientes que receberam alta foi de 40,8 horas (±36,2), enquanto para os que vieram a óbito foi de 40,9 horas (±42,7). Conclusões Os tempos de espera para liberação das vagas de internação solicitadas pelas unidades pré-hospitalares estão mais elevados do que os recomendados pela literatura. Tal fato pode provocar piores desfechos aos pacientes regulados e extrapola as competências do serviço de emergência definidas pelo Ministério da Saúde.

Abstract Objective To analyze the profile of referrals from the emergency department in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methodology: This is a retrospective descriptive observational study. The sample of this study included the data of individuals referred by the emergency department during the year of 2019. At the end of data collection, a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results Valid data from 9,984 referrals were found. The average time to the release of the hospital bed was 26.6 hours (± 35.8). Among all referred patients, 1,592 (15.9%) did not complete their destinations, evolving to one of the following outcomes: medical discharge (9.3%), death (2.3%), patient dropout (2.8%) or termination of its file (1.5%). The average length of stay in the unit for patients who were discharged was 40.8 hours (±36.2), while for those who died it was 40.9 hours (±42.7). Conclusions The waiting times for releasing the hospital beds requested by the emergency department are longer than those recommended in the literature. This can cause worse outcomes for referred patients and goes beyond the competencies of the emergency service as defined by the Brazilian Ministry of Health.

Avaliação de indicadores de qualidade na gestão do centro cirúrgico de um hospital terciário / Evaluation of quality indicators in the management of an operating room at a tertiary-level hospital

Introdução: Por se tratar de um setor complexo e que compreende grande parte dos custos de um hospital, o centro cirúrgico demanda uma contínua avaliação de suas atividades, com o objetivo de propiciar uma melhora da sua eficiência e da segurança dos pacientes. Uma estratégia interessante para se realizar tal avaliação é a utilização de um conjunto de indicadores de qualidade preestabelecidos, dividindo os atributos do serviço em estrutura, processos e resultados. Para que isso seja possível, é necessário que o serviço analisado possua uma fonte de dados bem estruturada, tendo o Núcleo Interno de Regulação um papel importante nesse processo. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo a análise de índices de gestão do centro cirúrgico de um hospital terciário especializado em cirurgias eletivas através da mensuração de dados referentes a indicadores de qualidade. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo feito de forma retrospectiva em um hospital escola público do interior do estado de São Paulo. Foram mensurados 18 indicadores referentes ao período de 01/06/2019 a 31/12/2019, a partir de consultas a diferentes setores administrativos do local. Os resultados passaram por uma análise estatística descritiva ao final da coleta de dados. Resultados: Os principais resultados encontrados foram: taxa de cumprimento da agenda cirúrgica de 95,8%, taxa de cancelamento de 4,1%, taxa de ocupação de 47,9%, turnover de 23,1 minutos, tempo médio de atraso no início das cirurgias de 32,8 minutos, tempo de permanência na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica de 37,4 minutos, taxa de absenteísmo dos profissionais de 8,94% e as taxas de infecção do sítio cirúrgico, de mortalidade operatória e de acidente de trabalho foram todas 0%. Conclusões: Apesar da alta taxa de cumprimento da agenda cirúrgica, a taxa de ocupação se encontrou aquém do ideal, sugerindo que o agendamento das cirurgias pode ser melhorado. Além disso, demonstrou-se que a estratégia de "cirurgias reservas" adotada no hospital auxilia no cumprimento da meta de cirurgias programadas e no aumento da taxa de ocupação (AU)

Introduction: As a complex sector that results in a large part of the costs in a hospital, the operating room demands a continuous evaluation of its activities, with the objective of providing an improvement in its efficiency and in patient safety. An interesting strategy to carry out such an evaluation is using a set of pre-established quality indicators, by the division of the service's attributes into structure, processes and results, which can provide a broad perspective of the activities developed and facilitate decision-making by the hospital manager. In this analysis process, it is necessary that the service has a well-structured data source, where the Internal Regulation Center plays an important role. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze, through the measurement of data related to quality indicators, the management indexes of the operating room of a tertiary-level hospital specialized in elective surgeries. Methodology: This is a descriptive observational study that was conducted retrospectively at a public teaching hospital. In this research, 18 indicators, related to the period from 06/01/2019 to 12/31/2019, were measured based on consultations to different administrative sectors of the hospital. The results went through a descriptive statistical analysis at the end of data collection. Results:The main results found were as follows: the fulfillment rate of the surgical schedule was 95.8%, the cancellation rate was 4.1%, the occupancy rate was 47.9%, the turnover time was 23.1 minutes, the mean delay time in the start of surgeries was 32.8 minutes, length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit was 37.4 minutes, the professionals' absenteeism rate was 8.94%, and the rates of surgical site infection, operative mortality and work accident were all 0%. Conclusions: Despite the high fulfillment rate of the surgical schedule, the occupancy rate was below the ideal, suggesting that scheduling of surgeries can be improved. In addition, it was shown that the "reserve surgeries" strategy adopted at the hospital helped to reach the goal of scheduled surgeries and to increase the occupancy rate (AU)

Avaliação de indicadores de qualidade na gestão do centro cirúrgico de um hospital terciário / Evaluation of quality indicators in the management of an operating room at a tertiary-level hospital

RESUMO: Introdução: Por se tratar de um setor complexo e que compreende grande parte dos custos de um hospital, o centro cirúrgico demanda uma contínua avaliação de suas atividades, com o objetivo de propiciar uma melhora da sua eficiência e da segurança dos pacientes. Uma estratégia interessante para se realizar tal avaliação é a utilização de um conjunto de indicadores de qualidade preestabelecidos, dividindo os atributos do serviço em estrutura, processos e resultados. Para que isso seja possível, é necessário que o serviço analisado possua uma fonte de dados bem estruturada, tendo o Núcleo Interno de Regulação um papel importante nesse processo. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo a análise de índices de gestão do centro cirúrgico de um hospital terciário especializado em cirurgias eletivas através da mensuração de dados referentes a indicadores de qualidade. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo feito de forma retrospectiva em um hospital escola público do interior do estado de São Paulo. Foram mensurados 18 indicadores referentes ao período de 01/06/2019 a 31/12/2019, a partir de consultas a diferentes setores administrativos do local. Os resultados passaram por uma análise estatística descritiva ao final da coleta de dados. Resultados: Os principais resultados encontrados foram: taxa de cumprimento da agenda cirúrgica de 95,8%, taxa de cancelamento de 4,1%, taxa de ocupação de 47,9%, turnover de 23,1 minutos, tempo médio de atraso no início das cirurgias de 32,8 minutos, tempo de permanência na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica de 37,4 minutos, taxa de absenteísmo dos profissionais de 8,94% e as taxas de infecção do sítio cirúrgico, de mortalidade operatória e de acidente de trabalho foram todas 0%. Conclusões: Apesar da alta taxa de cumprimento da agenda cirúrgica, a taxa de ocupação se encontrou aquém do ideal, sugerindo que o agendamento das cirurgias pode ser melhorado. Além disso, demonstrou-se que a estratégia de "cirurgias reservas" adotada no hospital auxilia no cumprimento da meta de cirurgias programadas e no aumento da taxa de ocupação. (AU)

ABSTRACT: Introduction: As a complex sector that results in a large part of the costs in a hospital, the operating room demands a continuous evaluation of its activities, with the objective of providing an improvement in its efficiency and in patient safety. An interesting strategy to carry out such an evaluation is using a set of pre-established quality indicators, by the division of the service's attributes into structure, processes and results, which can provide a broad perspective of the activities developed and facilitate decision-making by the hospital manager. In this analysis process, it is necessary that the service has a well-structured data source, where the Internal Regulation Center plays an important role. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze, through the measurement of data related to quality indicators, the management indexes of the operating room of a tertiary-level hospital specialized in elective surgeries. Methodology: This is a descriptive observational study that was conducted retrospectively at a public teaching hospital. In this research, 18 indicators, related to the period from 06/01/2019 to 12/31/2019, were measured based on consultations to different administrative sectors of the hospital. The results went through a descriptive statistical analysis at the end of data collection. Results:The main results found were as follows: the fulfillment rate of the surgical schedule was 95.8%, the cancellation rate was 4.1%, the occupancy rate was 47.9%, the turnover time was 23.1 minutes, the mean delay time in the start of surgeries was 32.8 minutes, length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit was 37.4 minutes, the professionals' absenteeism rate was 8.94%, and the rates of surgical site infection, operative mortality and work accident were all 0%. Conclusions: Despite the high fulfillment rate of the surgical schedule, the occupancy rate was below the ideal, suggesting that scheduling of surgeries can be improved. In addition, it was shown that the "reserve surgeries" strategy adopted at the hospital helped to reach the goal of scheduled surgeries and to increase the occupancy rate. (AU)